- Cefuroxime 250mg tab orally 1 x 2 x 10
- Panadol Extra 2 tablets up to 4 times daily
If there are excessive secretions and sneezing add:
- Fexofenadine180mg orally once a day
If there is nasal obstruction add :
- Decozal 1% spray/drop 2-3 drops in each nostrils up to 3 times daily not more than 7 days
Cefuroxime
Dosage Forms & Strengths:
- 125 mg, 250mg, 500mg tablet, 125mg /5ml suspension, 250 mg/5ml suspension , 750mg 1500mg 250mg vial for iv injection
Trade names :
Zinnat , U-cef , Cefovex, Ceftal ,Zamur, Oraxim Daroxime, Medo-axitine,Cefutil, Zinoximor, Cefurex , Cefuzime, Furocef ,Maxil , Vaxcel cefuroxime, Xorim , Xorimax , Zilisten, Zinacef, Zinoxime
Therapeutic indication and dose :
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis
- 250 mg PO q12hr for 10 days
Acute Bacterial Maxillary Sinusitis
- 250 mg PO q12hr for 10 days
Acute Bacterial Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis
- 250-500 mg PO q12hr for 10 days
- 500-750 mg IV q8hr; switch to oral therapy as soon as clinically possible
Secondary Bacterial Infections of Acute Bronchitis
- 250-500 mg PO q12hr for 5-10 days
Uncomplicated Pneumonia
- 750 mg IV/IM q8hr
Uncomplicated Skin/Skin Structure Infections
- 250-500 mg PO q12hr for 10 days
- 750 mg IV/IM q8hr; switch to oral therapy as soon as clinically possible
Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections
- 125-250 mg PO q12hr for 7-10 days
- 750 mg IV/IM q8hr; switch to oral therapy as soon as clinically possible
Gonorrhea
- Uncomplicated: 1 g PO once or 1.5 g IM once at 2 different sites with 1 g probenecid PO
- Disseminated: 750 mg IV/IM q8hr
Severe or Complicated Infections
- 1.5 g IV/IM q8hr; may be administered q6hr in life-threatening situations
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity to any other type of betalactam antibacterial agent (penicillins, monobactams and carbapenems).
Pregnancy
- Cefuroxime axetil should be prescribed to pregnant women only if the benefit outweighs the risk.
- Category B
Breastfeeding
- Cefuroxime is excreted in human milk in small quantities. A risk of diarrhea and fungus infection of the mucous membranes cannot be excluded.
- Breastfeeding might have to be discontinued due to these effects, Cefuroxime should only be used during breastfeeding after benefit/risk assessment by the physician in charge.
Side effect:
- Candida overgrowth
- System disorders
- Eosinophilia
- Headache, dizziness
- Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
- Transient increases of hepatic enzyme levels
Panadol-Extra
Ingredients:
Each tablet contains:
- 500MG PARACETAMOL, 65MG CAFFEINE.
Product Description
- Panadol Extra is ideal for those who want the benefits of Panadol, plus a little extra relief from mild to moderate pain such as headaches, toothache, and period pain.
- The ingredients in Panadol Extra provide up to 37% more powerful pain relief than standard paracetamol.
- It is also gentle on the stomach when used as prescribed . Panadol Extra is a paracetamol-based analgesic that provides relief from fever and strong pain such as
- Headaches, including migraine, muscular aches and pains, period pain, toothache, and sore throat.
How to use:
- Oral administration only. Adults including the elderly and children aged 12 years and over:
- 2 tablets up to 4 times daily 8 tablets in 24 hours.
- Should not be used with other paracetamol-containing products. Not recommended for children under 12 years of age.
Fexofenadine
Available forms:
- Telfast, Exofen, Fexofast, Fexodex, Fenadex, Feskine, Fexadine:
- 120mg, 180mg tab
Theraputic indication:
for symptoms that occur with hay fever (seasonal allerigic rhinitis) such as sneezing, itchy, running or blocked nose and itchy, red an watery eye ).
Dose:
For adults and children aged 12 years and over:
- 120 mg Tablets: The recommended dose is one tablet (120mg) daily. Taken with water before a meal.
- 180 mg Tablets: The recommended dose is one tablet (180mg) daily. Taken with water before a meal.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding
- Fexofenadine hydrochloride is not recommended duing pregnancy breast-feeding.
Common side effects
- headache
- Drowsiness
- feeling sick (nausea)
- dizziness
Otrivine
Otrivine Nasal Spray contains the active ingredient xylometazoline hydrochloride which helps to open up and clear the nasal passages by reducing the excessive nasal secretions and returning the swollen blood vessels to their normal size.
Used in :
- nasal congestion (blocked nose, including colds)
- allergic rhinitis
- sinusitis.
- Not used>5 days Cause rebound congestion
Pregnancy : not recommended
Available forms:
- Otrivin 0.1% spray/drop , .05% spray /drop
- Decozal 0.1% spray/drop , .05% spray /drop
- Xylomet 0.1% spray
Dose:
Adult
- 0.1% Nasal drop 2-3 drops in each nostrils up to 3 times daily
Child>6y
- 0.05% Nasal drop 2-3 drops in each nostrils up to 3 times daily
Child 6months-6y
- 0.05% Nasal drop 1drops in each nostrils up to 3 times daily
In Emergency room:
- Give antipyretic:
- Perflgan 1g/100ml intravenous injection :
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- <10kg : 0 .75ml/kg
- >10kg , <50kg : 1.5ml/kg
- >50kg : 100ml Slowly over 15 minute
Adult:
- 100ml Slowly over 15 minute
OR
- Diclofenac sodium injection 75 mg/3ml intramuscular injection :
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- > 1year : 1ml/20kg every 12 hour .
Adult:
- 25 to 75 mg(1-3ml) depending on the severity pain.
- If the pain still severe, you may decide to give a second injection after 6 hours.
- Give Antibiotic:
- Lincomycin 600mg/2ml
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- IV: 10-20 mg/kg/day divided q8-12hr
- IM: 10 mg/kg q12-24hr
Adult:
- IM: 600 mg q12-24hr
- IV: 600-1000 mg q8-12hr; not to exceed 8 g/day
OR
- Ceftriaxone injection
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- 50 mg/kg IM in single dose; not to exceed 1 g
Adult:
- 50 mg/kg IM once
- Persistent or treatment failures: 50 mg/kg IV/IM for 3 days
- Give Antihistamine In sneezing and rhinorrhea :
- Allerfin 10mg/ml IM injection :
Dose:
- 1-5 year : 25-5mg (½ ml )
- 6-12 year: 5-10mg (1ml )
- Adult : 10-20 mg (1-2 ml )
Acute sinusitis
Presentation :
- Purulent nasal discharge
- Nasal congestion or obstruction
- Facial congestion or fullness
- Facial pain or pressure
- Decreased sense of smell
- Fever
- Headache
- Ear pain
- fullness; halitosis; dental pain; cough; fatigue
Examination:
- Purulent nasal secretions
- Purulent posterior pharyngeal secretions
- Mucosal erythema
- Tenderness overlying sinuses
Lines of management :
- Antipyretics
- Antibiotics
- Symptomatic treatment:
- In nasal obstruction : use nasal decongestant
- In excessive secretions and sneezing : use antihistamine
- If not respond : Intranasal Corticosteroids :
- Helpful in reducing mucosal swelling of inflamed tissue and facilitating sinus drainage because of an anti-inflammatory effect