Rx
Notes
In emergency
Disease annotations
Rx
- Amoclan 1g tablets 1 x 2 x 10
- Panadol cold and flu 1-2 tablet 2 times daily
Notes
Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid
Dosage Forms & Strengths:
375mg tablet, 625mg tablet, 1g tablet, 156mg/5ml suspension, 312mg /5ml suspension, 200mg/5ml suspension, 400mg/5ml suspension, 600mg/5ml suspension, 457 mg /5ml suspension, 62.5mg/5ml drops , 600 vial injection , 1200 vial injection .
Trade names :
Clavar , Klavox, Moxiclav, Ramoclav, Curam, Julmentin, Augmentin, Clavodar, Amoclan
Therapeutic indication and dose :
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection :
- Mild to moderate: 375mg PO q8hr for 10 days
- Severe: 625 mg PO q8hr or 2000 mg (2 extended-release tabs) PO q12hr for 7-10 days
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- 625 mg PO q8hr
Acute Bacterial Sinusitis
- 2000 mg (2 extended-release tablets) PO q12hr for 10 days
Animal/Human Bite Wounds
- 625mg PO q8hr for 3-5 days
Erysipelas
- 625 mg PO q8hr for 7-10 days
Pyelonephritis
- 625mg PO q8hr
Skin Abscess
- 625 mg PO q12hr
Diabetic Foot
Mild to moderate, localized cellulitis
- 2000 mg (2 extended-release tablets) PO q12hr for 7-14 days
Group A Streptococci, Chronic Carrier
- 40 mg/kg/day PO divided q8hr for 10 days; not to exceed 2000 mg/day
Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin’s
- History of a severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction (e. g. Anaphylaxis) to another beta-lactam agent (e. g. A cephalosporin, carbapenem or monobactam).
- Hepatic and renal impairment
Pregnancy:
- Category B
Breastfeeding :
- Both substances are excreted into breast milk, diarrhea and fungus infection of the mucous membranes are possible in the breast-fed infant, so that breast-feeding might have to be discontinued.
Common side effects:
- Diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.
- Mucocutaneous candidosis
- Skin rash, itching, hives
- Vaginal itching and discharge
Panadol cold and flu
Ingredients:
- Active Ingredients: Paracetamol 500 mg, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride 30 mg, Chlorphenamine Maleate 2 mg.
- Other non-active ingredients: Silicon dioxide, Stearic acid, Sodium benzoate, Povidone, Pregelatinised starch, Maize starch, Talc.
used for:
- This product consists of three active ingredients: paracetamol, chlorpheniramine and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride.
- Paracetamol is a medication that belongs to a class of medications known as analgesics (pain relievers) and antipyretics (fever reducers).
- Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that acts by decreasing the effects of histamine in your body and therefore helps in relieving allergy signs and symptoms, like, sneezing, watery eyes, itching, and runny nose.
- Pseudoephedrine is a medication that belongs to a class of medicines known as “decongestants” and acts by decreasing nasal stuffiness that you may experience during cold and flu.
- It is used for the night time relief from cold and flu symptoms.
It is used for the relief of the following indications:
- Headache
- Congestion and sinus pain
- Sneezing
- Body aches
- Itchy and watery eyes
- Blocked and runny nose
- Fever
Contraindication:
- In allergy to Paracetamol, or Chlorpheniramine, or Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, other antihistamines or any of the ingredients in this medicine.
- In taking other paracetamol containing products or other antihistamines or cough or cold and flu medications or decongestants. Make sure not to exceed the dose.
- In high blood pressure or severe kidney or heart problems.
Possible side effects:
- allergic reaction, like rash and itching, signs of breathing problems like difficulty breathing.
- Other side effects include drowsiness or sleepiness, difficulty sleeping, fatigue, headache, hallucinations, twitching or jerking muscles, nervousness, blurred vision, difficulty concentrating, excitability, dizziness, nausea, indigestion or vomiting, restlessness, dry mouth nose and throat, rapid heart rate, loss of coordination, nervousness and irritability.
Dose:
Adults and children aged 12 years and over:
- 1 to 2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours as needed. not to exceed 8 tablets within 24 hours.
- not more than 4 doses in 24 hours. Doses should be spaced by at least 4 hours.
Children under 12 years:
- not given to children below 12 years of age.
In emergency
In Emergency room:
- Give antipyretic:
- Perflgan 1g/100ml intravenous injection :
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- <10kg : 0 .75ml/kg
- >10kg , <50kg : 1.5ml/kg
- >50kg : 100ml Slowly over 15 minute
Adult:
- 100ml Slowly over 15 minute
OR
- Diclofenac sodium injection 75 mg/3ml intramuscular injection :
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- > 1year : 1ml/20kg every 12 hour .
Adult:
- 25 to 75 mg(1-3ml) depending on the severity pain.
- If the pain still severe, you may decide to give a second injection after 6 hours.
- Give Antibiotic:
- Lincomycin 600mg/2ml
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- IV: 10-20 mg/kg/day divided q8-12hr
- IM: 10 mg/kg q12-24hr
Adult:
- IM: 600 mg q12-24hr
- IV: 600-1000 mg q8-12hr; not to exceed 8 g/day
OR
- Ceftriaxone injection
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- 50 mg/kg IM in single dose; not to exceed 1 g
Adult:
- 50 mg/kg IM once
- Persistent or treatment failures: 50 mg/kg IV/IM for 3 days
- Give Antihistamine In sneezing and rhinorrhea :
- Allerfin 10mg/ml IM injection :
Dose:
- 1-5 year : 25-5mg (½ ml )
- 6-12 year: 5-10mg (1ml )
- Adult : 10-20 mg (1-2 ml )
Disease annotations
Acute sinusitis
Presentation :
- Purulent nasal discharge
- Nasal congestion or obstruction
- Facial congestion or fullness
- Facial pain or pressure
- Decreased sense of smell
- Fever
- Headache
- Ear pain
- fullness; halitosis; dental pain; cough; fatigue
Examination:
- Purulent nasal secretions
- Purulent posterior pharyngeal secretions
- Mucosal erythema
- Tenderness overlying sinuses
Lines of management :
- Antipyretics
- Antibiotics
- Symptomatic treatment:
- In nasal obstruction : use nasal decongestant
- In excessive secretions and sneezing : use antihistamine
- If not respond : Intranasal Corticosteroids :
- Helpful in reducing mucosal swelling of inflamed tissue and facilitating sinus drainage because of an anti-inflammatory effect