- Ampicillin 500mg capsules 1 x 4 x 10
- Panadol sinus 2 caplets every 4-6 hours as required
- Tabunex .05% nasal spray 2 sprays in each nostril once a day
If there are excessive secretions and sneezing add:
- Fenistil 4mg caps 1cap every 4-6 hours
Ampicillin :
Dosage Forms & Strengths:
- 500mg capsule, 500mg vial, 250mg vial, 1g vial, 250mg /5ml suspension
Trade names :
- Ultracilin, Ampidar , Pamecil , Penbritin ,Standacillin
Therapeutic indication and dose :
Genitourinary Tract Infections (Excluding Gonorrhea)
- <40 kg: 50 mg/kg/day IV/IM divided q6-8hr
- ≥40 kg: 500 mg PO/IV/IM q6hr
Gastrointestinal Tract Infections
- <40 kg: 50 mg/kg/day IV/IM divided q6-8hr
- ≥40 kg: 500 mg IV/IM q6hr; larger doses may be necessary in severe or chronic infection
Urinary Tract Infection (ampicillin-susceptible Enterococcus; Off-label)
- 1-2 g IV q4-6hr with or without an aminoglycoside
Gonorrhea
- 3.5 g IV administered once simultaneously with 1 g of probenecid
Respiratory Tract Infections
≥40 kg
- 250-500 mg PO q6hr
- 250-500 mg IV/IM q6hr
<40 kg
- 25 to 50 mg/kg/day IV or IM divided q6-8hr
Bacterial Meningitis/Septicemia
- 150-200 mg/kg/day IV divided q6-8hr; initiate with IV infusion; may continue with IM injections if preferred; range 6-12 g/day
Group B Streptococcus (Off-label)
- Maternal dose for neonatal prophylaxis
- 2 g IV initially, followed by 1 g q4hr until delivery
Listeria Infection (Off-label)
- 2 g IV q4hr
Contraindications:
- History of hypersensitivity to beta-lactam antibiotics (e. g. Ampicillin, penicillin, cephalosporin).
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding :
- When antibiotic therapy is required during pregnancy and lactation, Ampicillin may be considered appropriate.
- Skin: Urticaria, pruritus of various etiology, endogenous eczema with previous medical diagnosis.
- Respiratory system: Seasonal (hay fever) and perennial rhinitis with previous medical diagnosis.
Common side effects:
- Hypersensitivity reactions: Skin rash, pruritus and urticarial, Purpura
- Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
- Swelling of the tongue
Panadol sinus:
Ingredients:
Each Panadol Sinus caplet contains:
- Paracetamol 500mg
- Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride 30mg.
Panadol Sinus is for fast effective relief from:
- Sinus Pain, Nasal Congestion, and Headache.
- Panadol Sinus provides powerful relief from sinus pain and congestion. .
How to Use:
Adults and children over 12 years:
- Take 2 caplets every 4-6 hours as required.
Corticosteroids nasal spray (Mometasone)
- help to relieve inflammation(swelling and irritation of the nose), sneezing, itching and a blocked up or runny nose.
Available forms:
- Nasonex, Tabunex, Sinocort: 05% nasal spray
Indications:
- to treat the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (also called hayfever) and perennial (long lasting) rhinitis in adults and children aged 3 and older;
- to treat nasal polyps in adults aged 18 and over
Dose:
Adult:
- recommended dose is two sprays in each nostril once a day.
- Once symptoms are controlled, dose reduction to one spray in each nostril may be effective for maintenance.
- may increase to the dose; the maximum daily dose is four sprays into each nostril once a day.
Children aged 3 to 11 years :
- the usual dose is one spray into each nostril once daily.
- May used some days before the start of the allergy season, as this will help to prevent allergic rhinitis symptoms from occurring.
- Prophylaxis must be initiated up to 2-4 weeks prior to the anticipated start of the allergy season.
- Benefit of treatment may be achieved in the first two days.
- Maximum benefit is achieved within 1-2 weeks following initiation of treatment. Therefore, patients should continue regular use to achieve full therapeutic benefit.
For patients who use MOMEX® at regular intervals for treatment of allergic rhinitis,:
- recommended dose is a spray into each nostril once a day. For children between the ages of 2 and 11 years the usual recommended dose is one spray in each nostril once a day.
Dimetindene
Available forms:
- Fenistil: drop 1mg/1ml, 4mgcaps, 1mgtab
- Pedia fast: drop 0.1g/100ml, 0.01g/100ml syrup
- Alergin: drop 1mg/1ml (1 ml = 20 drops).
- Fencil: drop 1mg/1ml
- 1 ml contains dimetindene maleate 1 mg (1 ml = 20 drops).
Therapeutic indications
- Symptomatic treatment of allergic diseases:
- Relieve of itching associated with infectious diseases (e.g. chickenpox) with previous medical diagnosis or after an insect bite or stings.
Dose:
1mg/1ml oral drops, 0.1g/100ml drop:
- Adults :The recommended daily dose is 3 – 6 mg of dimetindene maleate divided into 3 doses,
- 20 –40 drops 3× a day.
- Paediatric The recommended daily dose for children 1 – 11 years is 0.1 mg dimetindene maleate/kg body
- 2 drops/kg/day divided into 3 doses.
1mg tablet:
- 1 to 2 milligrams three times daily
0.01g/100ml syrup:
- the recommended dose is 1 teaspoonful (5 ml) of a 0.01g/100ml syrup 3-4 times daily
4mg capsule :
- 1capsule once daily
Contraindications :
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipientsInfants and children under 1 year of age.
pregnancy and lactation :
- Pregnancy There are no data about the use of dimetindene maleate during pregnancy.
- Dimetindene maleate should not be used in pregnant women unless the benefit of treating the mother outweighs the risk for the foetus
Breast-feeding :
- There is a well-founded presumption that dimetindene can be excreted in human milk. So its not recommended.
Side effect :
- Fatigue
- Somnolence, nervousness
In Emergency room:
- Give antipyretic:
- Perflgan 1g/100ml intravenous injection :
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- <10kg : 0 .75ml/kg
- >10kg , <50kg : 1.5ml/kg
- >50kg : 100ml Slowly over 15 minute
Adult:
- 100ml Slowly over 15 minute
OR
- Diclofenac sodium injection 75 mg/3ml intramuscular injection :
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- > 1year : 1ml/20kg every 12 hour .
Adult:
- 25 to 75 mg(1-3ml) depending on the severity pain.
- If the pain still severe, you may decide to give a second injection after 6 hours.
- Give Antibiotic:
- Lincomycin 600mg/2ml
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- IV: 10-20 mg/kg/day divided q8-12hr
- IM: 10 mg/kg q12-24hr
Adult:
- IM: 600 mg q12-24hr
- IV: 600-1000 mg q8-12hr; not to exceed 8 g/day
OR
- Ceftriaxone injection
Dose:
Pediatrics:
- 50 mg/kg IM in single dose; not to exceed 1 g
Adult:
- 50 mg/kg IM once
- Persistent or treatment failures: 50 mg/kg IV/IM for 3 days
- Give Antihistamine In sneezing and rhinorrhea :
- Allerfin 10mg/ml IM injection :
Dose:
- 1-5 year : 25-5mg (½ ml )
- 6-12 year: 5-10mg (1ml )
- Adult : 10-20 mg (1-2 ml )
Acute sinusitis
Presentation :
- Purulent nasal discharge
- Nasal congestion or obstruction
- Facial congestion or fullness
- Facial pain or pressure
- Decreased sense of smell
- Fever
- Headache
- Ear pain
- fullness; halitosis; dental pain; cough; fatigue
Examination:
- Purulent nasal secretions
- Purulent posterior pharyngeal secretions
- Mucosal erythema
- Tenderness overlying sinuses
Lines of management :
- Antipyretics
- Antibiotics
- Symptomatic treatment:
- In nasal obstruction : use nasal decongestant
- In excessive secretions and sneezing : use antihistamine
- If not respond : Intranasal Corticosteroids :
- Helpful in reducing mucosal swelling of inflamed tissue and facilitating sinus drainage because of an anti-inflammatory effect